More on Greeks, spinning, and how yet another term came about…The fable here is one of the several versions but it’s up here because I like this the best in terms of how it all sums up. And now, since you are on the verge of shaking me and asking me to get on with the darned story, here it is: the fable of Arachne, a late addition to Greek mythology, recorded in Ovid’s Metamorphoses.
Arachne, a proud peasant girl, spun and wove wool with such extraordinary brilliance that nymphs traveled far and wide to watch Arachne steep her wool in crimson dyes, take the long threads in her skillful fingers, and weave exquisite tapestries.
One day a wood nymph asked Arachne whether Athena—the goddess of weaving and handicrafts—had bestowed upon her this gift. Arachne scornfully replied that she had learnt the art by herself and then challenged Athena to a contest, the winner of which would be termed as the “Goddess of the loom.”
When word of Arachne’s conceit reached Athena, the goddess was, undoubtedly, furious. She went to see for herself whether this was true in the guise of a haggard old woman and threatened Arachne that she would take back her words and beg for pardon if she feared the scorn of the great goddess of the Olympus. To this, Arachne countered that if the goddess were indeed that great, she wouldn’t hesitate to rise up to the challenge. Hearing these words, Athena revealed her true self. Plunging headlong into doom, Arachne now asked Athena if she was ready for the contest and so it started.
The looms and the deft fingers wove a great many colors: dark purples, pinks, golds, and crimsons. Athena wove a tapestry showing the twelve greatest gods and goddesses of Mount Olympus. But Arachne outdid her by weaving one showing not only the gods and goddesses but also their adventures. She finished the piece with a beautiful border work of flowers and ivy. The river nymphs and wood nymphs stared at Arachne’s tapesty in awe. It was evident that her work was better than Athena’s and even envy, the goddess, who haughtily inspected it pronounced it flawless.
An enraged Athena destroyed Arachne’s tapestry and hit her mercilessly until disgraced and humiliated, Arachne crawled away and tried to hang herself. At last, Athena showed some pity and told Arachne that she may live, but weave only in that (present) state, hung in the air. Saying thus, the vengeful goddess sprinkled hellbane on Arachne, and the girl began to transform: her hair, nose and ears fell off and her head shrank till it was so tiny that she was mostly a giant belly. However, her fingers could still weave, and within minutes, Arachne, the first spider on earth, wove the first magnificent web.
All you guys who have done some level of Zoology in school/college, yes! yes! It is from this Arachne that the class Arachnida (to which spiders, scorpions, etc. belong) derived it’s name! Arachne is also (apparently) a web browser and the name for spiders in many romance languages. But more interesting is this little trivia: Julia carpenter, a.k.a, Spider woman, was originally named Arachne. But the former name stuck. In a story arc of the current Ms. Marvel series, however, she reappears using the codename “Arachne.”

The tale of Arachne inspired one of Velázquez‘s most interesting paintings: Las Hilanderas (“The Spinners, or The fable of Arachne”, in the Prado), in which the painter represents the two important moments of the myth. In the front, the contest of Arachne and the goddess (the young and the old weaver) and in the back, the Abduction of Europa—a copy of Titian‘s version (or maybe of Rubens‘ copy of Titian). On the whole, the latter depicts Athena punishing Arachne. It transforms the myth into a reflection about creation and imitation, god and man, master and pupil (and therefore about the nature of art).